Patterns of Diphthong Adaptation within English Loanwords in Iraqi Arabic

Tonal adaptation of English loanwords in Cantonese

This study examines the tonal adaptation of English loanwords in Cantonese spoken in Hong Kong. We adopted the analyses of previous research (Kiu, 1977; Silverman, 1992) and incorporated seeming exceptions. The major rules are: 1) The stressed syllable in English usually bears the high tone in Cantonese, and it includes both primary and secondary stress. 2) If the English word is (historically)...

Phonological adaptation of Spanish loanwords in Northern Moroccan Arabic

Evaluation of Machine Translation Errors in English and Iraqi Arabic

Errors in machine translations of English-Iraqi Arabic dialogues were analyzed at two different points in the systems‟ development using HTER methods to identify errors and human annotations to refine TER annotations. Although the frequencies of errors in the more mature systems were lower, the proportions of error types exhibited little change. Results include high frequencies of pronoun error...

English loanwords in Japanese

As a result of the economic, political and cultural influence of Britain and the US, and the emergence of English as an international language, many world languages have absorbed loanwords from English, especially during the twentieth century. Japanese contains thousands of such borrowings, many of which are well-established and in universal use. A domestic phonetic script is available to both ...

Varied adaptation patterns of English stops and fricatives in Korean loanwords: The influence of the P-map

In order to investigate to what extent perceptual factors affect the borrowing process, we examined the borrowing of English obstruents in Korean by comparing loanword adaptation patterns with the natives’ P-map (Steriade, 2001b). The orthographic classification technique was used to obtain the P-map (e.g., Wiik, 1965; Schmidt, 1996); 40 native Koreans were asked to choose the best matching Kor...